Performance Theory

The Performance Theory of understanding an oral tradition brings in several aspects of decoding an oral performance. It brings about the concept of keys to performance and classifies each performance as a part of the meaning of the poem. Performance theory also takes a closer look at the non-literal meaning of the words spoken, as well as seeing the performance as an "event". Bauman is credited for founding Performance Theory.

"Performance is part of the meaning. How to Read an Oral Poem

Keys to performance
Each oral tradition has its own keys to performance, and each performance utilizes specific keys. Some traditions have many keys, while others will have less. It is important that an oral tradition has keys, rather than if its keys match an other tradition. The keys to performance, when invoked, alert the audience that they are observing a performance of a specific oral tradition. The six most universal keys are:
 * 1) Special codes (dialects, attire)
 * 2) Figurative language (similes, etc.)
 * 3) Parallelism (structurally independent verses, but work together)
 * 4) Special formulas (recurring phrases, grammar)
 * 5) Appeal to tradition (keeping the story the same, despite the changing world)
 * 6) Disclaimers of performance (introductory music and calls)

Most keys are recognized only by those who are experienced in observing or performing the oral tradition. Some functions of "regular" poetry act as keys for oral poetry. It is most important to remember that the keys act as rules for the performer to follow, and if the performance either breaks or ignores too many of the keys, the performance will not count as a viable example of that tradition.